Correlation of Plasma Apolipoprotein and lipid profiles with different stages of type 2 diabetic nephropathy- A Hospital based study in North Indian Population

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the lipid abnormalities associated with different stages of albuminuria and also examine role of ApoB lipoprotein as a predictor of early diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods and ResultsA total 259 diabetic patients (110 men and 149 women) with mean age group 62.5±11.2 years were studied. Normoalbuminurea (n=110), microalbuminurea (n=93) and macroalbuminurea (n=56) were defined as albumin to creatinine ratio of <30, 30-299 and >300μg/micro respectively. Lipid parameters included, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoproteins A1, and Apo B, Lipoprotein (a). Result showed that Apo B differed significantly (P<0.05) between normoalbuminurea and micro and macroalbuminurea. Lp(a) differed between normoalbuminurea/ microalbuminurea and macroalbuminurea. Triglyceride increases progressively with increasing albuminurea. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only Apo B showed significant odd ratio (95% confidence interval) for microalbuminurea: 1.012 (1.003-1.023): and both TG and Lpa where as significant for macroalbuminurea [(respective odd ratio 1.996) (1.010-3.937) and 1.707 (1.119-2.431)]. ConclusionApo B and Lp(a) increases in the stages of microalbuminurea and macroalbuminurea respectively. However, Triglyceride increases significantly throughout the 3 stages of albuminurea.